Best Roof Shingles for Wind

Choosing the right roofing shingles is a critical decision for any homeowner. Your roof is your home’s first line of defense against the elements, and selecting shingles that can withstand strong winds is particularly important, especially if you live in an area prone to hurricanes, tornadoes, or severe thunderstorms. This comprehensive guide will explore the best roof shingles for wind resistance, covering various types, wind ratings, installation techniques, and other crucial factors to help you make an informed decision.

Understanding Wind Resistance Ratings for Roofing Shingles

Before diving into specific shingle types, it’s essential to understand how wind resistance is measured and rated. The two primary standards organizations that test and certify roofing materials are ASTM International and Underwriters Laboratories (UL). These organizations develop standardized tests that simulate wind conditions to assess a shingle’s ability to withstand high winds without being lifted, torn, or blown off the roof.

ASTM Standards

ASTM International publishes several standards relevant to roofing shingles, including:

• ASTM D3161: This standard tests the wind resistance of asphalt shingles. Shingles are subjected to simulated wind gusts at varying speeds. There are two classes of resistance: Class D, which can withstand winds up to 60 mph, and Class F, which can withstand winds up to 110 mph. Class F is generally considered the minimum acceptable rating for areas prone to high winds.
• ASTM D7158: This standard is a more advanced and stringent test for wind resistance. It evaluates shingles under more realistic conditions, including varying wind speeds and durations. Shingles that pass this test are classified into different wind speed resistance categories, ranging from 90 mph to 150 mph or higher. This test provides a more granular understanding of a shingle’s wind resistance capabilities.

UL Standards

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) also provides testing and certification for roofing shingles. The most relevant UL standard for wind resistance is:

• UL 790: This standard primarily focuses on fire resistance but also includes a wind uplift test. Shingles that pass this test are deemed to have adequate wind resistance for general use. However, it’s less specific than the ASTM standards in terms of quantifying the exact wind speeds the shingles can withstand.

When selecting shingles, always look for products that have been tested and certified according to these standards. The manufacturer’s literature should clearly indicate the ASTM or UL rating of the shingles.

Types of Roofing Shingles and Their Wind Resistance

Different types of roofing shingles offer varying levels of wind resistance. Here’s an overview of the most common types and their typical performance:

Asphalt Shingles

Asphalt shingles are the most popular and widely used roofing material in North America due to their affordability, ease of installation, and availability in a variety of styles and colors. They come in two main types:

3-Tab Asphalt Shingles

3-tab shingles are the traditional and most economical type of asphalt shingle. They are characterized by their uniform rectangular shape with cutouts that create the appearance of three separate tabs. While they are less expensive, 3-tab shingles generally offer lower wind resistance compared to other types. They typically have a wind rating of around 60 mph to 70 mph, making them less suitable for high-wind areas. The lightweight nature and simpler design contribute to their lower wind resistance.

Architectural (Dimensional) Asphalt Shingles

Architectural shingles, also known as dimensional or laminate shingles, are a premium type of asphalt shingle. They are constructed with multiple layers of asphalt, creating a thicker, more durable, and visually appealing shingle. Architectural shingles offer significantly better wind resistance than 3-tab shingles, with many products boasting wind ratings of 110 mph to 130 mph or even higher. Their heavier weight, interlocking design, and stronger adhesive contribute to their superior performance in windy conditions. Some architectural shingles are specifically designed for high-wind areas and may even come with enhanced warranties against wind damage.

Tile Shingles

Tile shingles are a durable and aesthetically pleasing roofing option, commonly used in warmer climates. They are available in various materials, including clay and concrete. Tile shingles offer excellent wind resistance due to their heavy weight and interlocking design. They can typically withstand winds of 125 mph or higher. However, tile roofs are also more expensive and require specialized installation techniques.

Metal Roofing

Metal roofing is an increasingly popular choice for its durability, longevity, and energy efficiency. Metal roofs are exceptionally resistant to wind damage. They are typically installed in large panels or as individual shingles that are securely fastened to the roof deck. Metal roofing can withstand winds of 140 mph or higher, making it an excellent choice for areas with extreme weather conditions. The interlocking design and secure fastening systems contribute to their superior wind resistance.

Slate Shingles

Slate shingles are a premium roofing material known for their exceptional durability and longevity. Slate is a natural stone that is incredibly strong and resistant to the elements. Slate roofs can last for over 100 years with proper maintenance. Slate shingles offer excellent wind resistance, typically withstanding winds of 130 mph or higher. However, slate roofs are very heavy and require a strong roof structure to support their weight. They are also one of the most expensive roofing options available.

Synthetic Shingles

Synthetic shingles are made from recycled plastic or rubber materials. They are designed to mimic the appearance of natural materials like slate or wood shake while offering enhanced durability and performance. Synthetic shingles are often engineered for high wind resistance, with some products capable of withstanding winds of 110 mph or higher. They are also lightweight and require less maintenance than natural materials.

Factors Affecting Shingle Wind Resistance

While the type of shingle plays a significant role in its wind resistance, several other factors can also influence its performance:

Proper Installation

Proper installation is crucial for ensuring that shingles can withstand high winds. Even the most wind-resistant shingles will fail if they are not installed correctly. This includes using the correct nailing pattern, ensuring proper shingle overlap, and sealing the shingles with the appropriate adhesive. It’s essential to hire a qualified and experienced roofing contractor who is familiar with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and local building codes.

Nailing Pattern and Depth

The nailing pattern is the specific arrangement and spacing of nails used to secure the shingles to the roof deck. The manufacturer’s instructions will specify the correct nailing pattern for their shingles. Using the wrong nailing pattern or failing to drive the nails to the correct depth can significantly reduce the shingle’s wind resistance. Overdriven or underdriven nails can compromise the shingle’s ability to stay attached to the roof. In high-wind areas, it may be necessary to use a higher number of nails per shingle than the minimum recommended by the manufacturer.

Shingle Sealing

Many shingles have a self-sealing adhesive strip that bonds the shingles together, creating a stronger and more wind-resistant roof. However, this adhesive requires heat to activate. In colder climates, or during cooler seasons, the adhesive may not seal properly on its own. In these cases, it may be necessary to manually seal the shingles with roofing cement or adhesive. Proper sealing is essential for preventing wind uplift and ensuring that the shingles stay in place during high winds.

Roof Deck Condition

The condition of the roof deck is also an important factor in wind resistance. The roof deck provides the foundation for the shingles and must be strong and stable enough to hold them in place during high winds. If the roof deck is damaged, rotted, or deteriorated, it will not be able to properly support the shingles, and they may be more likely to blow off in a storm. Before installing new shingles, it’s essential to inspect the roof deck and make any necessary repairs.

Attic Ventilation

Proper attic ventilation can also indirectly affect wind resistance. Poor attic ventilation can lead to excessive heat and moisture buildup, which can damage the shingles and the roof deck. This can weaken the roof structure and make it more vulnerable to wind damage. Ensuring adequate attic ventilation can help to prolong the life of your roof and improve its ability to withstand high winds.

Climate and Geographic Location

The climate and geographic location of your home will also influence the best type of shingles to choose. If you live in an area prone to hurricanes or tornadoes, you will need to choose shingles with a higher wind resistance rating than if you live in an area with milder weather. Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to high winds and salt spray, which can degrade roofing materials over time. In these areas, it’s important to choose shingles that are specifically designed for coastal environments.

Selecting the Right Shingles for Your Needs

Choosing the best roof shingles for wind resistance involves considering several factors, including your budget, the climate in your area, and your aesthetic preferences. Here are some tips to help you make the right choice:

Determine Your Wind Zone

The first step is to determine your wind zone. Your local building codes will specify the minimum wind resistance requirements for roofing shingles in your area. You can also consult a roofing professional or your insurance company to determine the appropriate wind rating for your home.

Consider Architectural Shingles

If you live in a high-wind area, architectural shingles are generally the best choice. They offer superior wind resistance compared to 3-tab shingles and are available in a wide range of styles and colors.

Look for High Wind Ratings

When selecting shingles, look for products that have been tested and certified according to ASTM D7158 or a similar standard. The higher the wind rating, the better the shingles will perform in high winds.

Choose a Reputable Manufacturer

Choose shingles from a reputable manufacturer with a proven track record of producing high-quality, durable roofing materials. Look for manufacturers that offer comprehensive warranties against wind damage.

Hire a Qualified Roofing Contractor

Proper installation is essential for ensuring that shingles can withstand high winds. Hire a qualified and experienced roofing contractor who is familiar with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and local building codes. Ask for references and check online reviews before hiring a contractor.

Consider Additional Wind Resistance Measures

In addition to choosing wind-resistant shingles, you can also take other measures to improve your roof’s ability to withstand high winds. This includes reinforcing the roof deck, sealing the shingles with roofing cement, and installing hurricane straps.

Specific Shingle Recommendations for High Wind Areas

While the best choice for any given home depends on the factors mentioned above, here are a few specific shingle product lines often recommended for high-wind areas:

GAF Timberline HDZ Shingles

GAF Timberline HDZ shingles are among the most popular architectural shingles, and for good reason. They offer excellent wind resistance, with a wind rating of up to 130 mph when installed with GAF’s special nailing pattern and sealant. They also come with a StainGuard Plus™ Algae Protection Limited Warranty, helping to prevent unsightly algae growth. The LayerLock™ Technology improves shingle durability and nail holding power, further enhancing wind resistance.

Owens Corning Duration Series

Owens Corning Duration shingles are another excellent choice for high-wind areas. They feature SureNail® Technology, which provides a visible strip for proper nail placement, helping to ensure a secure installation. Duration shingles are rated to withstand winds up to 130 mph and are available in a variety of colors and styles. The StreakGuard™ Algae Resistance Protection helps maintain the aesthetic appeal of the roof.

CertainTeed Landmark Series

CertainTeed Landmark shingles are a popular choice known for their quality and aesthetic appeal. They offer good wind resistance, with a rating of up to 110 mph, and can be upgraded to 130 mph with specific installation methods. They are available in a wide range of colors and styles, making them a versatile option for different architectural styles. The Landmark Pro series offers even greater wind resistance and enhanced features.

Atlas Pinnacle Pristine Shingles

Atlas Pinnacle Pristine shingles are designed with Scotchgard™ Protector to resist black streaks caused by algae. They also offer a wind resistance rating of up to 130 mph. They are known for their vibrant colors and dimensional appearance, providing both performance and aesthetic value.

Maintenance Tips for Wind-Resistant Roofing

Even the most wind-resistant roofing materials require regular maintenance to ensure their continued performance. Here are some essential maintenance tips:

Regular Inspections

Inspect your roof at least twice a year, preferably in the spring and fall. Look for signs of damage, such as missing, cracked, or curled shingles. Check for loose nails or exposed nail heads. Also, inspect the flashing around chimneys, vents, and skylights for any signs of damage or deterioration.

Clean Gutters and Downspouts

Keep your gutters and downspouts clean and free of debris. Clogged gutters can cause water to back up under the shingles, which can lead to leaks and damage. Clean your gutters at least twice a year, or more often if you live in an area with a lot of trees.

Trim Overhanging Trees

Trim overhanging trees to prevent branches from falling on your roof and damaging the shingles. Overhanging branches can also provide a pathway for pests to access your roof.

Repair Damage Promptly

If you notice any damage to your roof, repair it promptly. Even minor damage can quickly escalate into a more serious problem if left unattended. Contact a qualified roofing contractor to perform the repairs.

Consider Professional Maintenance

Consider hiring a professional roofing contractor to perform regular maintenance on your roof. A professional can identify potential problems early on and recommend preventative measures to help prolong the life of your roof.

Insurance Considerations for Wind-Resistant Roofing

Installing wind-resistant roofing can also have an impact on your homeowner’s insurance premiums. Many insurance companies offer discounts for homes with roofs that meet certain wind resistance standards. Be sure to check with your insurance company to see if you qualify for any discounts.

Documentation

Keep detailed records of your roofing materials and installation, including the manufacturer’s specifications, warranty information, and contractor’s invoice. This documentation may be required by your insurance company to verify that your roof meets the wind resistance standards.

Inspection Reports

Provide your insurance company with any inspection reports that demonstrate the good condition of your roof. Regular inspections can help to identify potential problems early on and prevent costly repairs.

Consider a Wind Mitigation Inspection

A wind mitigation inspection is a specialized inspection that assesses the wind resistance features of your home. This inspection can identify areas where your home is vulnerable to wind damage and recommend improvements to enhance its wind resistance. Some insurance companies require a wind mitigation inspection before offering discounts for wind-resistant roofing.

Conclusion

Choosing the best roof shingles for wind resistance is a crucial decision that can protect your home from the damaging effects of strong winds. By understanding wind resistance ratings, considering different types of shingles, and ensuring proper installation, you can select a roofing system that will provide years of reliable protection. Remember to consult with a qualified roofing professional to determine the best solution for your specific needs and climate. Investing in a wind-resistant roof is an investment in the safety and security of your home and family. Don’t hesitate to research thoroughly, ask questions, and choose the roofing option that provides the greatest peace of mind in the face of challenging weather conditions. With the right shingles and proper installation, you can rest assured that your roof is prepared to withstand even the strongest winds. Protecting your home from the elements is a significant responsibility, and choosing the right roofing is a crucial step in that process. Take the time to make an informed decision, and your home will be better protected for years to come.